Riverbed (alluvial mattress)
The reconstitution of the alluvial mattress consists in leveling-up the river bed and/or reactivating the bank erosion in order to stop the incision of the river bed.Sediment capture ponds
Sediment capture ponds are widely used to "slow down" water being drained from boreal forests.Soakaways
Excavations, typically filled with gravel, designed to store water and allow it to infiltrate into underlying soils or aquifers.ᅠ Soakaways would typically receive point-source inflow (e.g.Soil Conservation
The management of land to minimise soil erosion to maintain soil and water resources, and provide sustainable benefits in the long term.Sponge action plan
Co-generated spatially explicit plan detailing actions to be implemented to develop the sponge landscape and containing sponge measures and sponge goals within the landscape at basin level.
Sponge functions
The sponge functions of a landscape refer to its ability to soak up, store and slowly release water.
It is possible to distinguish 3 sponge functions:
Sponge Landscape
A sponge landscape is a landscape that has the capac
Sponge Measure
In short a sponge measure is a measure that contribut
Sponge Strategy
Action plan and roadmap that combines individual sponge measures into an overarching strategy, promoting a broader basin approach to soil and water management.
Sunk cost
Those expenditures that, once committed, cannot be (easily) recovered. These costs arise because some activities require specialized assets that cannot be readily diverted to other uses.Supplementary measure
"Supplementary" measures are those measures designed and implemented in addition to the basic measures, with the aim of achieving the objectives established pursuant to Article 4 of the WFD.Sustainable Drainage Systems
"Approaches to manage surface water that take account of water quantity (flooding), water quality (pollution)ᅠ and amenity issues are collectively referred to as Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS). SuDS mimic nature andSustainable Urban Drainage Systems
Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (or SUDS) are a sequence of water management practices, green infrastructures and measures designed to drain surface water in a manner that mimics the natural hydrologic cycle and willSwales
Shallow, broad and vegetated channels designed to store and/or convey runoff. - Based on Stella definitions, adapted by NWRM project experts and validated by the European CommissionTargeted planting for "catching" precipitation
There is some evidence that planting trees on some Mediterranean hillslopes can assist in cloud formation and precipitation. The forests assist in "trapping" rising air and condensing atmospheric water vapour.Temporary tributaries flow
Temporary streams are of particular importance when it comes to water storage and time retention especially in flash flood prone areas.Traditional terracing
Traditional terraces consist of nearly level platforms built along contour lines of slopes, mostly sustained by stone walls, used for farming on hilly terrain.ᅠ When properly built and well maintained, terraces can reducTransaction cost
Efforts (either monetary outlays or consumption of any other resources, such as time) of administering, monitoring, and enforcing a NWRM. Policy-making involves political costs that are absent in private exchanges.Trees in urban areas
Urban planning that incorporates trees can have multiple benefits.Urban forests parks
Urban forest parks or protected areas provide multiple benefits including increased water infiltration, pollutant filtration, reductions in peak flow and maintenance of base flows.Urban Planning
Within the framework of natural water retention measures (NWRM), urban planning refers to the application of the "Grey to Green" principle within cities.Water retention
Water retention covers a wide set of mechanisms (see synthesis document n°1) the effect of which are to increase the capture of water by aquifers, soil, and aquatic and water dependent ecosystems. More precisely it referWater sensitive driving
"Water sensitive driving" requires an awareness of the wet areas (mires, peatlands, etc.) in the landscape and an ability to avoid them while conducting forestry operations.Wetland restoration and management
Wetlands restoration and creation can involve: technical, spatially large-scale measures (including the installation of ditches for rewetting or the cutback of dykes to enable flooding); technical small-scale measures su